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Auchterhouse is a village, community, and civil parish in the Scottish council area of Angus, located north west of Dundee, south east of Alyth and south west of Forfar. It lies on the southern edge of the Sidlaw Hills, below Auchterhouse Hill, high. The parish, which is coterminous with the community, had a population of 520 in 2001. The village, formerly known as ''Milltown of Auchterhouse'', straddles the B954 Muirhead to Newtyle road. About east lies the larger village of Kirkton of Auchterhouse, where the church and school are located. Singer Billy MacKenzie lived in the village from 1991 until his death in 1997. Kirkton of Auchterhouse, was the subject of the painting 'Sidlaw Village, Winter' by James MacIntosh Patrick. ==History== The earliest human settlement discovered around Auchterhouse dates from 3500 to 1000 BC, in the form of stone and bronze tools used by the first farmers to clear woodland. Wheat and barley were grown, and cattle and sheep kept, while a decorated sandstone spindle whorl found at Bonnyton, north of the village, and now kept at the McManus Galleries in Dundee, indicates that wool was spun into thread. A possible henge in Dronley Wood has been revealed by aerial photography, and a stone circle at Templelands was destroyed during railway construction in the 19th century. A stone cairn on West Mains Hill, excavated in 1897, was found to conceal a double burial cist, typical of the period around 2000 BC. The cist contained burnt bones and a bronze dagger blade with ox-horn hilt, which are now in the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh. Other cists were reportedly discovered in the 19th century, and a circular burial mound survives south of Dronley House. Cup marks on stones were found around Auchterhouse Park.〔 An Iron Age hillfort on Auchterhouse Hill occupies a naturally defensible position, and is protected to the east and south east by a set of five ramparts and ditches. Souterrains, thought to have provided storage space for foodstuffs, were discovered in the 18th century near Auchterhouse Mansion and in Kirkton of Auchterhouse, and aerial photography has since revealed further sites at East Adamston, Bonnyton, Burnhead of Auchterhouse and Quarry House. Long cists, slab-lined graves in which fully extended bodies were placed, are commonly associated with the period between 1000 BC and 500 AD, and have been recorded at Auchterhouse Park, Leoch and Templeton.〔 A parish church, dedicated to Saint Mary, had been founded by 1238, and Sir John Ramsay played host to both Sir William Wallace and King Edward I of England at Wallace Tower, now part of Auchterhouse Mansion, in 1303. The village came under the jurisdiction of James Stewart, the Earl of Buchan in 1469. He also held the title ''Lord Auchterhouse'', and was the uncle of King James III.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6479-auchterhouse-old-mansion-house-hotel-walla )〕 The adoption of new agricultural techniques in the 18th and 19th centuries led to increased prosperity in rural areas. Between 1820 and 1850 farm production in Scotland increased by 58 per cent. This new wealth was reflected in Auchterhouse with the construction of new farm buildings at Dronley, East Adamston, Eastfield, Kirkton of Auchterhouse, Leoch and Templeton.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6487-east-adamston-farmhouse-including-boundary )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6491-eastfield-eastfield-steading-auchterhouse )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6495-kirkton-of-auchterhouse-kirkton-farmhouse- )〕 Balbeuchley was one of the earliest improved steadings in the area, built in 1802, while Balbeuchley House was built for Patrick Miller, proprietor of the Auchterhouse Estate from 1820 to 1876.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6481-balbeuchley-balbeuchley-steading-auchterho )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6480-balbeuchley-balbeuchley-house-including-wa )〕 The farmhouse at Pitpointie, dated 1883, was built on the site of an earlier steading for George Willsher, a Dundee wine and spirit dealer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6497-pitpointie-pitpointie-farmhouse-including- )〕 Originally built in 1707, the water powered corn mill at Dronley was rebuilt during this period, and stone quarries were developed at Leoch and Parkside, but perhaps the greatest change to the village came with the opening of the Dundee and Newtyle Railway, one of Scotland's first passenger lines, in 1831.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/sc-6484-dronley-dronley-mill-auchterhouse )〕 Sandstone for the line was quarried at Pitpointie. On 2 May 1899 a meeting was held at the Town Hall in Dundee to establish a sanatorium for the treatment of tuberculosis. Plans were drawn up for the creation of a 30-bed hospital, and a site at Auchterhouse Park was gifted by David Ogilvy, the Earl of Airlie. Construction started in 1901, and Dundee Sanatorium was formally opened on 26 September 1902, at a cost of £20,764. The Dundee Advertiser commented: The first patients were admitted on 11 March 1903, and the following year the institution was renamed the Sidlaw Sanatorium. During the first year of operation, 87 patients were admitted. One patient died, but 67 were discharged. The average stay was just under four months. By 1907 the sanatorium was making a yearly loss of between £500 and £700, and the annual report complained that although the institution was endowed to help the working classes of Dundee, it was not possible to do this due to the need to accept paying patients to contribute to the costs. By 1909 the financial position was so serious that the directors agreed to close the sanatorium the following year, but Sir James Caird, the Dundee jute baron, agreed to provide £1,000 per year if the institution was taken over by Dundee Royal Infirmary, and the transfer was completed in October 1910. The sanatorium eventually closed in 1969.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Auchterhouse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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